In Pakistan, Battle Gets Bigger

In Pakistan, Battle Gets Bigger

Nobody knows how many Taliban militants have been killed in the battle to regain control of the mountain valley of Swat in Pakistan's North West Frontier province. The interior minister Rehman Malik claimed yesterday that 700 had been killed - over 200 more than the previous figure from the army. If Mr Malik is right, about 15% of the fighters estimated to be in the region have already died from aerial bombardment alone, which would be unlikely. Nor is it known whether all the dead are militants. What is clear is that the battle is getting bigger.

Yesterday a suicide bomber killed two paramilitary soldiers and six civilians at a checkpoint on the outskirts of Peshawar, while the commander of the Frontier Corps told the Guardian to expect many more. He said Taliban militants backed by their al-Qaida trainers, mainly Tajiks and Uzbeks, had launched several suicide attacks and one large-scale assault on the Frontier Corps along the border to divert resources from Swat. The commander admitted the Taliban advance in Swat, Buner and Dir had caught him by surprise, and predicted that the fighters would melt away into the fleeing crowds of civilians or disperse in the surrounding valleys, rather than put up a big fight for Mingora, the town which they have mined. All of which means that the army offensive is only in its earliest and easiest days. A special session of the national assembly which began last night is unlikely to voice much dissent. Only a month ago it rubber-stamped President Asif Zardari's plan for a peace deal with the militants in Swat. But almost every major politician supports fighting the Taliban, and even the Islamist parties in Punjab are holding fire.

No one should confuse this relative silence for solidarity. The political pact with the 13-month-old government is tenuous, tentative and temporary. There have been no major civilian casualties; nor has the army suffered significant losses. But if these facts change, the political mood could swing too.

Most of the refugees from Swat and Dir have headed for the cities of Mardan and Swabi, which traditionally have been able to absorb them. But as more than 360,000 civilians have fled the fighting in the past 12 days alone, the ability of families to take in more relatives may be exhausted. Many face a summer in hot camps with inadequate sanitation. These are not foreign refugees but fellow Pakistanis, with property in Swat that they expect their government to protect. So the political temperature could rise fast. The Taliban have overreached themselves in the eyes of many, and this operation enjoys public support not seen in the past decade. But nor is Pakistan prepared for the long fight that a definitive assault could entail.

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