Ten years ago, as the countdown to a new millennium reached its final stages, some people believed that we were hours away from Armageddon. In fact we had a reprieve. Armageddon came 18 months later.
When two planes, hijacked by terrorists from a strange-sounding Islamist group called al-Qaeda, crashed into the World Trade Centre in New York, the world as we knew it ended. The twin towers crumbled along with our sense of security within our own borders.
It will remain one of the defining moments of the 21st century but September 11, 2001, remains too immediate to be wholly comprehensible and there is no end in sight to the mayhem that it has engendered. It has led the West into two intractable wars in Iraq and Afghanistan in which hundreds of soldiers and thousands of civilians continue to die.
It has ushered in an age of surveillance and invasive “security”, diminishing civil liberties. It has brought down governments, turned airports into fortresses and divided communities.
And in Britain fifty-six people, including the four British Muslim bombers, died in suicide attacks on the London transport system on July 7 2005. We have become suspicious of compatriots with beards or burkhas.
Islamist extremists are not the only bogeymen. The news from far corners of the globe has done little to dispel the notion of a strange, unsettled world. In Zimbabwe Robert Mugabe has all but destroyed his own people, while Iran and North Korea are ten years nearer to having nuclear weapons.
Violent uprisings in the provinces of China have rattled the Han hegemony. Russia is reverting to authoritarianism, nuclear-armed Pakistan teeters on the brink and Somalia has become the ultimate failed state — vying with Yemen to be the next wellspring of global jihadism.
But away from the glare of these eruptions, much of the rest of the world seems to have been quietly putting itself back together. (Graphic: the decade in international conflict)
In 2000 there were 41 armed conflicts that caused more than 1,000 deaths apiece; this year the number was 28.
Perhaps then, viewed from Sierra Leone, Rwanda or the former Yugoslav republics, this decade does not look so dire after all. Maybe there is even hope for the next one.
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