Climate change has produced a rise in global temperatures over the past few decades, producing major consequences for Arctic geopolitics. The Arctic Ocean has begun to thaw seasonally, and should this trend continue, it will become navigable for several months each year. By some projections, it will become almost entirely navigable by 2100. A thawing Arctic Ocean opens up new opportunities for commercial shipping and natural resource extraction. It also projects to become a new theater of geopolitical competition between China, Russia, and the United States.
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