As the Ukraine war approaches its fourth year, the geopolitical consequences of Russia’s invasion continue to reverberate. Global stability, trade networks, and the prevailing liberal democratic order have been shaken. While the system holds, its future depends on whether or not it can adapt to the challenges thrust upon it by the war. The war presents several lessons at the onset of 2026: the limits of offensive realism as a theory, the fragility of shallow interdependence, the importance of an increasingly assertive Global South, and the pressing need for evolution and adaptation.
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